European Advancements in Power Transmission Technology

Energy Business Review | Wednesday, August 28, 2024

Europe is advancing technology to meet rising electricity demands and transition to renewable energy sources, focusing on advanced conductors, smart grids, insulation, and power electronics.

FREMONT CA: The growing demand for electricity and the global transition to renewable energy sources have placed considerable pressure on existing power grids. To address these challenges, researchers and engineers are actively exploring innovative technologies designed to minimise energy losses during transmission and improve the overall efficiency of power systems. Europe, a leader in technological advancements, has become a focal point for these innovations.

Stay ahead of the industry with exclusive feature stories on the top companies, expert insights and the latest news delivered straight to your inbox. Subscribe today.

Before exploring innovations in power transmission, it is crucial to comprehend the system's primary causes of energy loss. These losses are typically categorised into three main types. The first is Ohmic losses, which result from the resistance of conductors and manifest as electrical energy being converted into heat. The second type, dielectric losses, occur in insulating materials like transformer oil and cable insulation due to the movement of electric charges. Lastly, corona losses arise when the electric field around a conductor becomes strong enough to ionise the surrounding air, leading to energy dissipation.

To mitigate these energy losses, several technological innovations have been developed. One key area of advancement is in the use of advanced conductors. High-temperature superconductors (HTS), for instance, offer zero resistance at very low temperatures, significantly reducing ohmic losses. Although their practical application remains challenging due to the need for cryogenic cooling, ongoing research is making considerable progress. Composite conductors are also being utilised, which combine different materials to optimise electrical and mechanical properties. An example is aluminum-core conductors with a steel outer layer, which enhance strength while reducing weight.

Smart grid technologies also play a crucial role in reducing energy loss. Real-time monitoring and control systems, supported by advanced sensors and communication networks, enable efficient power flow management and quick identification of losses. Demand response initiatives further contribute by incentivising consumers to reduce electricity usage during peak periods, balancing the overall grid load and minimising losses.

Advancements in insulation systems are another critical innovation. Cross-Linked Polyethylene (XLPE), known for its excellent dielectric properties, is widely used in underground cables to reduce dielectric losses. Moreover, incorporating nanotechnology into insulating materials has shown promise in enhancing their performance and further reducing losses.

High-voltage direct Current (HVDC) transmission offers another solution, particularly long-distance power transmission. HVDC systems are highly efficient at transmitting power over long distances with minimal losses, making them ideal for connecting remote renewable energy sources to the grid. Multi-terminal HVDC systems, which allow for the interconnection of multiple power sources and loads, further improve grid stability and reduce losses.

Advancements in power electronics also benefit renewable energy integration. Devices such as inverters and converters are essential for incorporating renewable sources like solar and wind into the grid. These technologies help optimise power flow and reduce energy losses.

Europe has been at the forefront of these technological advancements, with numerous research projects and initiatives to improve power transmission efficiency. For example, the European Union's Horizon Europe Program supports research and innovation in various fields, including energy, and has funded several projects focused on power transmission efficiency. The North Sea Wind Power Hub is another ambitious project that aims to develop a large-scale offshore wind farm and connect it to the European grid using HVDC technology. Additionally, the European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity (ENTSO-E) plays a pivotal role in coordinating electricity transmission across Europe and promoting the development of innovative technologies to enhance efficiency.

As the electricity demand continues to rise, exploring and implementing innovative solutions to reduce energy losses and enhance the efficiency of power transmission systems has become imperative. Europe's commitment to technological advancements and sustainable energy practices positions the region as a leader in addressing this critical challenge.

More in News

The storage tank market is experiencing significant growth and innovation due to the growing demand for reliable, efficient storage solutions in various industries. The global storage tank market is growing with increased demand for strong solutions across industries. This is mainly due to technological advancements, changes in industry requirements, and a growing focus on safety and sustainability. The market for storage tanks is at a crossroads, with tremendous room for expansion and many creative alternatives. The demand for dependable and practical storage solutions will continue to drive the industry and change the storage infrastructure landscape as industries worldwide grow and change. Market Growth and Drivers The storage tank market, estimated to be worth USD 26 billion in 2023, is anticipated to expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of more than 5.1% from 2024 to 2032. The primary cause of this expansion is the increasing need for oil and gas storage, fueled by increased exploration efforts and production levels. By 2028, the demand for oil alone is predicted to rise by 6% to 105.7 million barrels per day. Technological Innovations The market benefits from introducing innovative materials and construction techniques that enhance storage tanks' durability and safety standards. Remote monitoring capabilities are becoming increasingly prevalent, allowing operators to manage and monitor storage tank facilities from a distance. Challenges and Opportunities The market for storage tanks is expected to grow. However, there are still obstacles to overcome, including high upfront costs and a changing regulatory environment with changing safety and environmental regulations. Notwithstanding, these obstacles also offer prospects for expansion and novelty as enterprises endeavor to manage the financial feasibility of ventures and conform to evolving statutes. Industry Applications The expansion of the oil and gas, food and beverage, and power industries drives the global storage tank market. The need for more efficient solutions, particularly in exploring shale gas and tight oil fields, prompts the demand for storage tanks. The growing focus on water conservation and wastewater treatment also contributes to the market expansionists. Sustainability and Environmental Considerations Sustainability is starting to matter in the storage tank business. Businesses are looking into eco-friendly materials and designs to reduce their carbon footprints, which are connected with storage solutions since there is a growing emphasis on minimizing environmental effects. Future Outlook The storage tank market is set to continue its growth trajectory with a strong emphasis on safety, compliance, and technological innovation. Integrating advanced materials, intelligent monitoring systems, and sustainable practices will likely shape the future of storage solutions, ensuring that they meet the ever-growing demands of various industries. ...Read more
The construction, maintenance, and operation of storage tanks create jobs and stimulate local economies.  Storage tanks play a crucial role in energy infrastructure, ensuring the efficient and reliable supply of energy resources such as crude oil, refined petroleum products, and natural gas liquids. They manage supply and demand to support economic stability and maintain and enhance global energy systems. Their multifaceted role in maintaining and improving energy systems identifies their importance for maintaining and strengthening global energy systems. Storage tanks allow their release during peak consumption times, stabilizing supply and mitigating the risk of shortages. They are critical components in the refining and processing of hydrocarbons. In refineries, tanks store raw materials like crude oil before processing. Post-refinement, they hold finished products such as gasoline, diesel, and jet fuel. Intermediate storage is crucial for the smooth operation of refineries, allowing for the continuous and efficient processing of crude oil into various end products. The ability to store intermediate and final products ensures operational flexibility and efficiency. The global trade of energy resources heavily relies on storage tanks. These tanks serve as temporary holding facilities for oil and gas at ports and terminals, facilitating the transfer of energy resources between production sites, transportation vessels, and distribution networks. Storage tanks at strategic locations, like pipeline hubs and shipping ports, enable the efficient movement of energy resources across regions and countries. The logistical support is vital for maintaining energy flow in international trade. Storage tanks' economic impact extends beyond energy stability.  Energy security is a significant concern for nations worldwide, and storage tanks are crucial in enhancing it. Many countries maintain strategic petroleum reserves, consisting of large storage tanks filled with crude oil, to safeguard against supply disruptions. The reserves can be tapped in emergencies, like geopolitical conflicts or natural disasters, ensuring a continuous energy supply. Storage tanks buffer against external shocks and contribute to national energy security and economic stability. Storage tanks are becoming increasingly important in the renewable energy sector. Tanks store biofuels produced from organic materials as an alternative to fossil fuels.  Large-scale energy storage solutions, like hydrogen storage tanks, are being developed to support integrating renewable energy into the grid. Modern storage tanks are designed with advanced technologies to minimize environmental impact and enhance safety. Double-walled tanks, leak detection systems, and secondary containment measures are implemented to prevent spills and contamination. Vapor recovery systems capture volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emissions, reducing air pollution. The innovations ensure that storage tanks operate safely and sustainably, protecting the environment and surrounding communities.  Industries reliant on a stable energy supply, like manufacturing and transportation, benefit directly from the reliable performance of storage tanks. Storage tanks are indispensable to the energy infrastructure, providing critical support for energy storage, supply management, refining, trade, and security. Their role in integrating renewable energy and maintaining environmental safety underscores their importance in the evolving energy landscape. The significance of storage tanks in ensuring a stable, efficient, and secure energy supply becomes ever more apparent. Investing in advanced storage solutions will sustain and enhance energy systems worldwide. ...Read more
The tanks enhance energy system flexibility and reliability and contribute to the transition to a resilient energy future. Thermal storage tanks are essential to global energy systems, addressing the imbalance between energy supply and demand. They store surplus thermal energy at low demand or times of high renewable energy generation, which would otherwise go to waste and not be used efficiently to tackle the issue of intermittency. They can be primarily used in conjunction with concentrated solar power plants. Solar radiation is intermittent, varying throughout the day, and affected by weather conditions. Thermal storage tanks enable CSP plants to store excess heat generated during high solar irradiance periods and utilize it later to generate electricity during periods of low or no sunlight, providing a more reliable and dispatchable renewable energy source. Thermal storage tanks can enhance the efficiency of conventional power plants by enabling them to operate more flexibly. Another promising application of thermal storage tanks is the electrification of heating and cooling systems.  Thermal storage tanks can be integrated into district heating and cooling systems, where they store excess heat or cold generated by combined heat and power (CHP) plants, industrial processes, or waste heat recovery systems. During periods of low demand, such as at night or in mild weather, excess thermal energy can be stored in these tanks and later used to meet peak demand or provide heating or cooling when the primary energy source is unavailable or insufficient. These plants can operate at their optimal efficiency levels for longer durations, reducing fuel consumption and emissions.  Thermal storage tanks offer a versatile and efficient solution to the energy sector's challenges, including integrating renewable energy sources, electrifying heating and cooling systems, and optimizing conventional power plants. In conventional power plants, such as those fueled by natural gas or coal, ramping up and down to match fluctuating demand can be inefficient and costly. As countries strive to decarbonize their energy sectors, there is increasing interest in electrifying heating and cooling processes currently reliant on fossil fuels. The intermittency of renewable electricity sources poses a challenge for reliably meeting heating and cooling demand.  Thermal storage tanks can store excess electricity and use it to provide heating or cooling when needed, increasing the efficiency and reliability of electrified heating and cooling systems. In addition to improving energy system efficiency and reliability, thermal storage tanks can provide grid services such as peak shaving, load leveling, and frequency regulation. By strategically discharging stored thermal energy during periods of peak demand or grid instability, these tanks can alleviate stress on the grid and help integrate higher levels of renewable energy. ...Read more
The energy sector has always relied on conventional business models where utility companies generate, distribute, and sell electricity to consumers. However, the rise of renewable energy sources, smart grid technologies, and consumer demand for sustainability have initiated a paradigm shift. Among the innovative solutions reshaping this landscape is Energy as a Service (EaaS), an emerging business model transforming how energy is delivered, consumed, and managed. EaaS is remodeling the energy sector by offering comprehensive solutions beyond traditional utility models. At its core, EaaS encompasses several key components. Energy supply management allows providers to source energy from various channels, including renewable sources such as solar, wind, and biomass, enabling clients to procure green energy without direct investments in infrastructure. Energy efficiency and optimization initiatives include real-time energy monitoring, audits, and advanced efficiency technologies that minimize waste while maximizing output. Demand response services help organizations manage peak loads through energy storage systems and smart grid integration, ensuring a dynamic balance between supply and consumption. Sustainability consulting supports businesses in meeting regulatory requirements and consumer expectations by providing expertise in carbon neutrality strategies, clean energy utilization, and sustainability reporting. Additionally, financing and risk management eliminate upfront capital expenditures, as EaaS providers invest in necessary infrastructure and charge customers based on results or service levels, mitigating financial risk. EaaS fundamentally transforms the utility business model by driving decentralization, enhancing customer-centric services, integrating smart technologies, promoting renewable energy adoption, and diversifying revenue streams. Unlike traditional centralized energy production and distribution, EaaS leverages distributed energy resources (DERs) such as rooftop solar panels, microgrids, and battery storage to reduce reliance on large-scale infrastructure. This decentralization allows for localized energy generation and greater resilience. Utility companies are also shifting from being mere energy suppliers to service providers, offering tailored energy management solutions to meet diverse client needs. Integrating smart technologies—including IoT devices, AI-driven analytics, and predictive maintenance tools—enhances operational efficiency, reduces costs, and optimizes energy consumption. Moreover, EaaS accelerates renewable energy adoption by enabling businesses and households to access green energy without significant capital expenditures, fostering a more sustainable energy landscape. Lastly, it facilitates revenue diversification for utility providers, moving beyond traditional energy sales toward stable income sources through subscriptions, service fees, and performance-based contracts. Through these advancements, EaaS redefines how energy is produced, managed, and consumed in the modern era. As digitalization and decentralization continue to reshape the energy sector, the prospects for EaaS are bright. Policymakers are increasingly pushing for renewable energy adoption and efficiency, creating fertile ground for EaaS providers to expand their offerings. Moreover, the rise of EVs and energy storage technologies will drive demand for integrated energy services. EaaS represents a groundbreaking departure from traditional utility business models. By focusing on tailored energy solutions, supporting sustainability goals, and leveraging technological advancements, EaaS offers providers and customers new ways to thrive in the evolving energy ecosystem. While challenges remain, the potential to create a more efficient, decentralized, and greener energy future makes EaaS a compelling model for future generations. ...Read more